Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae

tribe GONIDEINI Ortmann, 1916: cladomics

16 genera

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 32 (37 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 16
analyzed in 187 cladograms in 109 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 21 (mean = 3.65, median = 2)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 13 (mean = 2.86, median = 2)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 117
maximum number of included terminals = 21, (mean = 5.23 median = 4)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 13 (mean = 3.97, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.78

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 102
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 21 (mean = 5.63, median = 4)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 13 (mean = 4.35, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.75

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Gonideini cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Gonideini cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21 36 40 13 610 114 6 0 
     +----------------------------- Indopseudodontina         
     |                                                        
     |                          +-- Lannanaia                 
  +--+  +-----------------------+                             
  |  |  |                       +-- Pilsbryoconcha            
  |  |  |                                                     
  |  +--+  +----------------------- Songkhlanaia              
  |     |  |                                                  
  |     |  |                    +-- Nyeinchanconcha           
  |     +--+  +-----------------+                             
  |        |  |                 +-- Sundadontina              
  |        |  |                                               
  |        |  |                 +-- Isannaia                  
  |        +--+              +--+                             
  |           |              |  +-- Namkongnaia               
  |           |  +-----------+                                
  |           |  |           |  +-- Thaiconcha                
  |           |  |           +--+                             
  |           +--+              +-- Bineurus                  
  |              |                                            
  |              |  +-------------- Pseudodon_walpolei        
  |              |  |                                         
  |              +--+  +----------- Pseudodon_vagulus         
  |                 |  |                                      
  |                 |  |     +----- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
--+                 +--+  +--+                                
  |                    |  |  |  +-- Pseudodon_mekongi         
  |                    |  |  +--+                             
  |                    +--+     +-- Schepmaniini              
  |                       |                                   
  |                       |  +----- Pseudodon_lenyanensis__2  
  |                       +--+                                
  |                          |  +-- Pseudodon_inoscularis     
  |                          +--+                             
  |                             +-- Pseudodon_lenyanensis__1  
  |                                                           
  |           +-------------------- Chamberlainiini           
  |           |                                               
  |        +--+  +----------------- Parvasolenaia **             
  |        |  |  |                                            
  |        |  +--+  +-------------- Pseudopostolata **           
  |        |     |  |                                         
  |        |     +--+  +----------- Koreosolenaia **             
  |        |        |  |                                      
  |        |        +--+        +-- Cosmopseudodon **            
  |        |           |  +-----+                             
  |        |           |  |     +-- Guiunio **                   
  |        |           +--+                                   
  +--------+              |  +----- Ptychorhynchus **            
           |              +--+                                
           |                 |  +-- Obovalis **                  
           |                 +--+                             
           |                    +-- Postolata **                 
           |                                                  
           |                    +-- Caudiculatus              
           |     +--------------+                             
           |     |              +-- Lamprotulini              
           |     |                                            
           +-----+  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **     
                 |  |                                         
                 |  |        +----- Gonidea **                   
                 +--+  +-----+                                
                    |  |     |  +-- Microcondylaea **            
                    |  |     +--+                             
                    +--+        +-- Leguminaia **                
                       |                                      
                       |  +-------- Inversidens **               
                       +--+                                   
                          |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **    
                          +--+                                
                             |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **     
                             +--+                             
                                +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
17 17 15 13 31 26 5 39 
  +----------------------------------- Rectidentini   
  |                                                   
--+  +-------------------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |  |                                                
  +--+  +----------------------------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                                             
     |  |                          +-- Schepmaniini   
     +--+  +-----------------------+                  
        |  |                       +-- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                                          
        +--+  +----------------------- Sinosolenaia **   
           |  |                                       
           |  |                 +----- Gonidea **        
           +--+  +--------------+                     
              |  |              |  +-- Leguminaia **     
              |  |              +--+                  
              +--+                 +-- Microcondylaea ** 
                 |                                    
                 |  +----------------- Pseudopostolata **
                 |  |                                 
                 +--+              +-- Koreosolenaia **  
                    |  +-----------+                  
                    |  |           +-- Parvasolenaia **  
                    +--+                              
                       |  +----------- Postolata **      
                       |  |                           
                       +--+        +-- Guiunio **        
                          |  +-----+                  
                          |  |     +-- Cosmopseudodon ** 
                          +--+                        
                             |  +----- Obovalis **       
                             +--+                     
                                |  +-- Tenuiunio **      
                                +--+                  
                                   +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16 16 14 12 31 26 5 38 
  +-------------------------------- Rectidentini   
  |                                                
--+  +----------------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |  |                                             
  +--+  +-------------------------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                                          
     |  |                       +-- Schepmaniini   
     +--+  +--------------------+                  
        |  |                    +-- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                                       
        +--+  +-------------------- Sinosolenaia **   
           |  |                                    
           |  |              +----- Gonidea **        
           +--+  +-----------+                     
              |  |           |  +-- Leguminaia **     
              |  |           +--+                  
              +--+              +-- Microcondylaea ** 
                 |                                 
                 |  +-------------- Pseudopostolata **
                 |  |                              
                 +--+           +-- Koreosolenaia **  
                    |  +--------+                  
                    |  |        +-- Parvasolenaia **  
                    +--+                           
                       |  +-------- Postolata **      
                       |  |                        
                       +--+     +-- Guiunio **        
                          |  +--+                  
                          |  |  +-- Cosmopseudodon ** 
                          +--+                     
                             |  +-- Obovalis **       
                             +--+                  
                                +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 15 13 11 31 26 5 39 
  +-------------------------------- Rectidentini   
  |                                                
--+  +----------------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |  |                                             
  +--+  +-------------------------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                                          
     |  |                       +-- Schepmaniini   
     +--+  +--------------------+                  
        |  |                    +-- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                                       
        +--+  +-------------------- Sinosolenaia **   
           |  |                                    
           |  |              +----- Gonidea **        
           +--+  +-----------+                     
              |  |           |  +-- Leguminaia **     
              |  |           +--+                  
              +--+              +-- Microcondylaea ** 
                 |                                 
                 |  +-------------- Pseudopostolata **
                 |  |                              
                 +--+           +-- Parvasolenaia **  
                    |  +--------+                  
                    |  |        +-- Koreosolenaia **  
                    +--+                           
                       |  +-------- Postolata **      
                       +--+                        
                          |  +----- Ptychorhynchus ** 
                          +--+                     
                             |  +-- Cosmopseudodon ** 
                             +--+                  
                                +-- Obovalis **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 21 18 10 31 29 4 36 
  +----------------------- Pseudodontini  
  |                                       
--+  +-------------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                    
  |  |  +----------------- Inversidens **    
  +--+  |                                 
     |  |              +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  +--------------+                  
     +--+              +-- Lamprotulini   
        |                                 
        |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia **   
        |  |                              
        |  |        +----- Gonidea **        
        +--+  +-----+                     
           |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia **     
           |  |     +--+                  
           |  |        +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                           
              |        +-- Koreosolenaia **  
              |  +-----+                  
              |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia **  
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Postolata **      
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Obovalis **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 21 19 10 31 29 4 37 
  +----------------------- Pseudodontini  
  |                                       
--+  +-------------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                    
  |  |              +----- Inversidens **    
  +--+  +-----------+                     
     |  |           |  +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  |           +--+                  
     |  |              +-- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia **   
        |  |                              
        |  |        +----- Gonidea **        
        +--+  +-----+                     
           |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia **     
           |  |     +--+                  
           |  |        +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                           
              |        +-- Koreosolenaia **  
              |  +-----+                  
              |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia **  
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Postolata **      
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Obovalis **

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 8 82 15 4 37 
  +-------------------------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                                                
  |  +----------------------------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                                             
     |  +-------------------------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                                          
        |  +----------------------- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                                       
           |  +-------------------- Inversidens **    
           +--+                                    
              |  +----------------- Sinosolenaia **   
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-------------- Parvasolenaia **  
                 +--+                              
                    |  +----------- Pseudopostolata **
                    +--+                           
                       |  +-------- Koreosolenaia **  
                       +--+                        
                          |  +----- Ptychorhynchus ** 
                          +--+                     
                             |  +-- Cosmopseudodon ** 
                             +--+                  
                                +-- Postolata **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 9 110 21 4 38 
                 +-- Chamberlainiini
  +--------------+                  
  |              +-- Lamprotulini   
  |                                 
--+  +-------------- Pseudodontini  
  |  |                              
  |  |     +-------- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+  +--+                        
     |  |  |  +----- Gonidea **        
     |  |  +--+                     
     |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia **     
     +--+     +--+                  
        |        +-- Microcondylaea ** 
        |                           
        |  +-------- Inversidens **    
        |  |                        
        +--+     +-- Obovalis **       
           |  +--+                  
           |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
              +--+                  
                 +-- Koreosolenaia **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 8 130 15 4 41 
  +-------------------------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                                                
  |  +----------------------------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                                             
     |  +-------------------------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                                          
        |  +----------------------- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                                       
           |  +-------------------- Inversidens **    
           +--+                                    
              |  +----------------- Microcondylaea ** 
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia **   
                 +--+                              
                    |  +----------- Koreosolenaia **  
                    +--+                           
                       |  +-------- Parvasolenaia **  
                       +--+                        
                          |  +----- Ptychorhynchus ** 
                          +--+                     
                             |  +-- Cosmopseudodon ** 
                             +--+                  
                                +-- Postolata **

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 8 16 14 4 39 
  +----------------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                             
--+  +-------------------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------------------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +-------------------- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                                    
        +--+  +----------------- Inversidens **    
           |  |                                 
           +--+              +-- Microcondylaea ** 
              |  +-----------+                  
              |  |           +-- Sinosolenaia **   
              +--+                              
                 |  +----------- Parvasolenaia **  
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-------- Koreosolenaia **  
                    +--+                        
                       |  +----- Ptychorhynchus ** 
                       +--+                     
                          |  +-- Cosmopseudodon ** 
                          +--+                  
                             +-- Postolata **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 7 7 190 45 4 37 
  +-------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                    
--+  +----------------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +-------------- Pseudodontini  
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Sinosolenaia **   
        |  |                           
        |  |     +----- Gonidea **        
        +--+  +--+                     
           |  |  |  +-- Leguminaia **     
           |  |  +--+                  
           +--+     +-- Microcondylaea ** 
              |                        
              |     +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
              |     |                  
              +-----+-- Parvasolenaia **  
                    |                  
                    +-- Koreosolenaia **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 7 2 2 1 40 
  +----------------- Lamprotulini         
  |                                       
--+  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |  |                                    
  |  |        +----- Inversidens **          
  +--+  +-----+                           
     |  |     |  +-- Gonidea **              
     |  |     +--+                        
     +--+        +-- Leguminaia **           
        |                                 
        |  +-------- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
        +--+                              
           |  +----- Postolata **            
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Obovalis **             
              +--+                        
                 +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 6 7 190 45 4 36 
  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  |                               
  |  +----- Gonidea **               
  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Leguminaia **            
  |  +--+                         
  |     +-- Microcondylaea **        
--+                               
  |  +----- Ptychorhynchus **        
  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Parvasolenaia **         
  |  +--+                         
  |     +-- Koreosolenaia **         
  |                               
  |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
     +--+                         
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 7 189 45 4 37 
  +-------------- Lamprotulini  
  |                             
--+  +----------- Sinosolenaia **  
  |  |                          
  |  |     +----- Gonidea **       
  +--+  +--+                    
     |  |  |  +-- Leguminaia **    
     |  |  +--+                 
     +--+     +-- Microcondylaea **
        |                       
        |  +----- Ptychorhynchus **
        +--+                    
           |  +-- Parvasolenaia ** 
           +--+                 
              +-- Koreosolenaia **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 8 27 25 5 39 
                    +-- Schepmaniini   
  +-----------------+                  
  |                 +-- Pseudodontini  
  |                                    
  |              +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +-----------+                     
  |  |           |  +-- Chamberlainiini
  |  |           +--+                  
  |  |              +-- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia **   
     |  |                              
     |  |           +-- Gonidea **        
     +--+  +--------+                  
        |  |        +-- Microcondylaea ** 
        |  |                           
        +--+        +-- Koreosolenaia **  
           |  +-----+                  
           |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia **  
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Postolata **      
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Obovalis **       
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 0 6 102 62 4 41 
  +----------- Rectidentini             
  |                                     
  |  +-------- Pseudodontini            
--+  |                                  
  |  |     +-- Chamberlainiini          
  |  |  +--+                            
  +--+  |  +-- Lamprotulini             
     |  |                               
     |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **    
     |  |  |                            
     |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1 **
     +--+  |                            
        |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **    
        |  |                            
        |  +-- Leguminaia **               
        |  |                            
        |  +-- Microcondylaea **           
        +--+                            
           +-- Gonidea **                  
           |                            
           +-- Ptychorhynchus **           
           |                            
           +-- Parvasolenaia **            
           |                            
           +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2 **
           |                            
           +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 12 10 8 27 25 5 36 
  +-------------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                          
--+  +----------------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                       
  |  |                    +-- Schepmaniini   
  +--+  +-----------------+                  
     |  |                 +-- Pseudodontini  
     |  |                                    
     +--+                 +-- Inversidens **    
        |  +--------------+                  
        |  |              +-- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia **   
           |  |                              
           +--+           +-- Gonidea **        
              |  +--------+                  
              |  |        +-- Microcondylaea ** 
              +--+                           
                 |  +-------- Parvasolenaia **  
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Koreosolenaia **  
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Postolata **      
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 13 10 8 27 25 5 42 
  +----------------------------- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi__1
  |                                                        
  +----------------------------- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi__2
--+                                                        
  |  +-------------------------- Pseudodontini             
  |  |                                                     
  +--+  +----------------------- Rectidentini              
     |  |                                                  
     +--+  +-------------------- Inversidens **               
        |  |                                               
        |  |              +----- Lamprotula                
        +--+  +-----------+                                
           |  |           |  +-- Chamberlainiini           
           |  |           +--+                             
           +--+              +-- Potomida                  
              |                                            
              |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia **              
              |  |                                         
              +--+  +----------- Gonidea **                   
                 |  |                                      
                 +--+----------- Microcondylaea **            
                    |                                      
                    |  +-------- Koreosolenaia **             
                    +--+                                   
                       |  +----- Parvasolenaia **             
                       +--+                                
                          |  +-- Postolata **                 
                          +--+                             
                             +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 16 0 6 108 62 4 42 
  +-------- Rectidentini             
  |                                  
  |  +----- Pseudodontini            
  |  |                               
  |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **    
--+  |  |                            
  |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1 **
  |  |  |                            
  |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **    
  |  |  |                            
  |  |  +-- Leguminaia **               
  +--+  |                            
     |  +-- Microcondylaea **           
     |  |                            
     |  +-- Gonidea **                  
     |  |                            
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus **           
     |  |                            
     |  +-- Parvasolenaia **            
     |  |                            
     +--+-- Lamprotula_leaii         
        |                            
        +-- Lamprotula               
        |                            
        +-- Lamprotula_caveata       
        |                            
        +-- Potomida                 
        |                            
        +-- Pronodularia             
        |                            
        +-- Sinohyriopsis            
        |                            
        +-- Chamberlainia            
        |                            
        +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2 **
        |                            
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 8 27 25 5 39 
  +----------------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                             
--+  +-------------------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                          
  +--+                       +-- Schepmaniini   
     |  +--------------------+                  
     |  |                    +-- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------------------- Lamprotulini   
        |  |                                    
        +--+  +----------------- Inversidens **    
           |  |                                 
           +--+  +-------------- Sinosolenaia **   
              |  |                              
              +--+           +-- Gonidea **        
                 |  +--------+                  
                 |  |        +-- Microcondylaea ** 
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-------- Koreosolenaia **  
                    +--+                        
                       |  +----- Parvasolenaia **  
                       +--+                     
                          |  +-- Postolata **      
                          +--+                  
                             +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 13 11 8 27 25 5 41 
  +----------------------------- Schepmaniini   
  |                                             
--+  +-------------------------- Pseudodontini  
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +----------------------- Rectidentini   
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +-------------------- Inversidens **    
        |  |                                    
        |  |              +----- Lamprotula     
        +--+  +-----------+                     
           |  |           |  +-- Chamberlainiini
           |  |           +--+                  
           +--+              +-- Potomida       
              |                                 
              |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia **   
              |  |                              
              +--+           +-- Gonidea **        
                 |  +--------+                  
                 |  |        +-- Microcondylaea ** 
                 +--+                           
                    |  +-------- Koreosolenaia **  
                    +--+                        
                       |  +----- Parvasolenaia **  
                       +--+                     
                          |  +-- Postolata **      
                          +--+                  
                             +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 9 27 25 5 41 
  +-------------------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                                
--+  +----------------------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                             
  +--+  +-------------------------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                                          
     +--+                       +-- Schepmaniini   
        |  +--------------------+                  
        |  |                    +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                                       
           |  +-------------------- Sinosolenaia **   
           |  |                                    
           +--+                 +-- Gonidea **        
              |  +--------------+                  
              |  |              +-- Microcondylaea ** 
              +--+                                 
                 |  +-------------- Koreosolenaia **  
                 +--+                              
                    |  +----------- Parvasolenaia **  
                    +--+                           
                       |  +-------- Postolata **      
                       +--+                        
                          |  +----- Cosmopseudodon ** 
                          +--+                     
                             |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
                             +--+                  
                                +-- Obovalis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 12 10 7 16 11 3 34 
  +-------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                    
--+  +----------------- Pseudodontini  
  |  |                                 
  |  |              +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+  +-----------+                  
     |  |           +-- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                              
     +--+           +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
        |  +--------+                  
        |  |        +-- Parvasolenaia **  
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Inversidens **    
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Gonidea **        
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Leguminaia **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 7 83 21 4 40 
  +-------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                    
--+  +----------------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +-------------- Pseudodontini  
     |  |                              
     |  |        +----- Sinosolenaia **   
     +--+  +-----+                     
        |  |     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
        |  |     +--+                  
        +--+        +-- Parvasolenaia **  
           |                           
           |  +-------- Inversidens **    
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Gonidea **        
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Leguminaia **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 6 45 14 4 38 
  +----------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                       
--+  +-------------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                    
  +--+  +----------------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                                 
     +--+  +-------------- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                              
        +--+           +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           |  +--------+                  
           |  |        +-- Sinosolenaia **   
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Parvasolenaia **  
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Ptychorhynchus ** 
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Cosmopseudodon ** 
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Postolata **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 7 83 21 4 40 
  +-------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                    
--+  +----------------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +-------------- Pseudodontini  
     |  |                              
     |  |        +----- Gonidea **        
     +--+  +-----+                     
        |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia **     
        |  |     +--+                  
        +--+        +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           |                           
           |  +-------- Inversidens **    
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 5 85 14 4 41 
  +-------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                    
--+  +----------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +-------------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                           
        +--+  +-------- Inversidens **    
           |  |                        
           +--+     +-- Parvasolenaia **  
              |  +--+                  
              |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Sinosolenaia **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 4 4 131 41 4 38 
  +-------------- Pseudodontini         
  |                                     
  |           +-- Chamberlainiini       
--+  +--------+                         
  |  |        +-- Lamprotulini          
  |  |                                  
  +--+  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
     |  |                               
     |  |     +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
     +--+-----+                         
        |     +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
        |                               
        |  +----- Gonidea **               
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Microcondylaea **        
           +--+                         
              +-- Leguminaia **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 13 0 4 117 43 4 41 
  +-- Chamberlainia         
  |                         
  +-- Sinohyriopsis         
  |                         
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata    
  |                         
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii      
  |                         
  +-- Potomida              
  |                         
  +-- Pronodularia          
  |                         
--+-- Gonidea **               
  |                         
  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **  
  |                         
  +-- Leguminaia **            
  |                         
  +-- Microcondylaea **        
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 10 10 3 40 5 2 38 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini           
  |                                            
  |           +----- Parvasolenaia_rivularis **   
--+  +--------+                                
  |  |        |  +-- Parvasolenaia_triangularis **
  |  |        +--+                             
  |  |           +-- Ptychorhynchus **            
  +--+                                         
     |           +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **     
     |  +--------+                             
     |  |        +-- Lamprotulini              
     +--+                                      
        |  +-------- Sinosolenaia_recognita **    
        |  |                                   
        +--+  +----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__2 **  
           |  |                                
           +--+  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__1 **  
              |  |                             
              +--+-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **     
                 |                             
                 +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__3 **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 5 85 14 4 41 
  +-------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                    
--+  +----------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +-------------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                           
        +--+  +-------- Inversidens **    
           |  |                        
           +--+     +-- Parvasolenaia **  
              |  +--+                  
              |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Sinosolenaia **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 6 81 13 4 41 
  +----------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                       
--+  +-------------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                    
  +--+  +----------------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                                 
     +--+  +-------------- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                              
        +--+  +----------- Inversidens **    
           |  |                           
           +--+        +-- Microcondylaea ** 
              |  +-----+                  
              |  |     +-- Sinosolenaia **   
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Parvasolenaia **  
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Postolata **      
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 4 131 41 4 39 
           +-- Chamberlainiini
  +--------+                  
  |        +-- Lamprotulini   
--+                           
  |  +-------- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Gonidea **        
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
        +--+                  
           +-- Leguminaia **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 38 5 2 39 
  +-------- Lamprotulini  
--+                       
  |  +----- Parvasolenaia ** 
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus **
     +--+                 
        +-- Sinosolenaia **

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 3 2 2 1 38 
  +----------- Lamprotulini          
  |                                  
  |     +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
--+  +--+                            
  |  |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora ** 
  |  |  +--+                         
  +--+     +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea ** 
     |                               
     |  +----- Sinosolenaia_carinata ** 
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia **         
        +--+                         
           +-- Koreosolenaia **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 4 90 14 4 40 
  +-------------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                                    
  |  +----------------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                           
           |  +-------- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 6 50 7 2 38 
              +-- Chamberlainiini
  +-----------+                  
  |           +-- Lamprotulini   
--+                              
  |  +----------- Sinosolenaia **   
  |  |                           
  +--+        +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
     |  +-----+                  
     |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia **  
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Gonidea **        
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                  
              +-- Leguminaia **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 4 90 14 4 42 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                 
--+  +-------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                              
  +--+  +----------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                           
     +--+  +-------- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                        
        +--+     +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
           |  +--+                  
           |  |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
              +--+                  
                 +-- Sinosolenaia **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 5 47 13 4 38 
  +-------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                    
--+  +----------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +-------------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----------- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                           
        +--+        +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           |  +-----+                  
           |  |     +-- Sinosolenaia **   
           +--+                        
              |  +----- Parvasolenaia **  
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Postolata **      
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 11 9 5 74 22 4 43 
              +-- Chamberlainiini
  +-----------+                  
  |           +-- Lamprotulini   
  |                              
--+           +-- Parvasolenaia **  
  |  +--------+                  
  |  |        +-- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Sinosolenaia **   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Gonidea **        
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                  
              +-- Leguminaia **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 2 4 48 4 2 40 
  +----------- Lamprotulini         
  |                                 
--+  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
  |  |                              
  +--+  +----- Gonidea **              
     |  |                           
     +--+----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
        |                           
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia **        
        +--+                        
           +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 4 69 9 3 39 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                              
--+  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                           
  +--+  +-------- Pseudodontini  
     |  |                        
     +--+     +-- Parvasolenaia **  
        |  +--+                  
        |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                  
              +-- Sinosolenaia **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 4 69 9 3 39 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                              
--+  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                           
  +--+  +-------- Pseudodontini  
     |  |                        
     +--+     +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
        |  +--+                  
        |  |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                  
              +-- Sinosolenaia **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 4 69 9 3 39 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                              
--+  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                           
  +--+  +-------- Pseudodontini  
     |  |                        
     +--+     +-- Parvasolenaia **  
        |  +--+                  
        |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                  
              +-- Sinosolenaia **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 4 64 8 3 39 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                              
--+  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                           
  +--+  +-------- Pseudodontini  
     |  |                        
     +--+     +-- Parvasolenaia **  
        |  +--+                  
        |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                  
              +-- Sinosolenaia **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 14

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 4 3 0 0 0 40 
  +----- Leguminaia **    
--+                    
  |  +-- Gonidea **       
  +--+                 
     +-- Microcondylaea **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 4 81 13 4 39 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                 
--+  +-------------- Rectidentini   
  |  |                              
  +--+  +----------- Lamprotulini   
     |  |                           
     +--+  +-------- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                        
        +--+     +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
           |  +--+                  
           |  |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
              +--+                  
                 +-- Sinosolenaia **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 5 0 0 40 
     +-- Cosmopseudodon **
  +--+                 
  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus **
--+                    
  |  +-- Postolata **     
  +--+                 
     +-- Obovalis **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 40 9 3 40 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                              
  |  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Ptychorhynchus ** 
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                  
              +-- Sinosolenaia **

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 16 14 4 40 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                                 
  |  +-------------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                              
     |  +----------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                           
        |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Parvasolenaia **  
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
              +--+                  
                 +-- Sinosolenaia **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 35 8 3 42 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Pseudodontini  
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
        +--+                  
           +-- Microcondylaea **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 40 9 3 40 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                              
  |  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Ptychorhynchus ** 
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                  
              +-- Sinosolenaia **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 52 6 2 38 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
--+                           
  |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
        +--+                  
           +-- Parvasolenaia **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 50 8 3 38 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                              
  |  +----------- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
           +--+                  
              +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 33 7 3 40 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                              
  |  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Parvasolenaia **  
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                  
              +-- Sinosolenaia **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 43 11 4 42 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                                 
  |  +-------------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                              
     |  +----------- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                           
        |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
              +--+                  
                 +-- Parvasolenaia **

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 30 7 3 38 
  +-------- Lamprotulini   
--+                        
  |  +----- Chamberlainiini
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
     +--+                  
        +-- Sinosolenaia **

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 16 14 4 40 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                                 
  |  +-------------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                              
     |  +----------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                           
        |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Parvasolenaia **  
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
              +--+                  
                 +-- Sinosolenaia **

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 13 0 0 40 
  +-- Gonidea **    
--+              
  +-- Inversidens **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 30 4 2 41 
           +-- Lamprotulini        
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Chamberlainiini     
--+                                
  |  +-------- Sinosolenaia **        
  |  |                             
  +--+  +----- Inversidens **         
     |  |                          
     +--+  +-- Obovalis_omiensis__1 **
        |  |                       
        +--+-- Obovalis_omiensis__2 **
           |                       
           +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 8 6 4 29 4 2 38 
        +-- Obovalis **       
  +-----+                  
  |     +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
  |                        
--+     +-- Inversidens **    
  |  +--+                  
  |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                  
        +-- Chamberlainiini

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 4 49 7 3 40 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                                 
  |  +-------------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                              
     |  +----------- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                           
        |  +-------- Microcondylaea ** 
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
              +--+                  
                 +-- Parvasolenaia **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 44 13 4 40 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                                 
  |  +-------------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                              
     |  +----------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                           
        |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Ptychorhynchus ** 
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
              +--+                  
                 +-- Sinosolenaia **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 32 32 4 39 
  +-------------- Rectidentini   
  |                              
--+  +----------- Pseudodontini  
  |  |                           
  +--+        +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  +-----+                  
     |  |     +-- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Gonidea **        
           +--+                  
              +-- Leguminaia **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 46 5 2 39 
  +-------- Chamberlainiini
--+                        
  |  +----- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
     +--+                  
        +-- Sinosolenaia **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 73 28 4 39 
  +----- Sinosolenaia **
--+                  
  |  +-- Gonidea **     
  +--+               
     +-- Leguminaia **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 65 5 2 39 
  +-------- Lamprotulini  
--+                       
  |  +----- Inversidens **   
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Obovalis **      
     +--+                 
        +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 13 0 3 79 31 3 47 
  +-- Lamprotula    
  |                 
  +-- Potomida      
  |                 
  +-- Pronodularia  
  |                 
  +-- Gonidea **       
  |                 
  +-- Leguminaia **    
  |                 
  +-- Microcondylaea **
  |                 
--+-- Amblemini     
  |                 
  +-- Ortmanniana   
  |                 
  +-- Lampsilis     
  |                 
  +-- Cambarunio    
  |                 
  +-- Elliptio      
  |                 
  +-- Pleurobema    
  |                 
  +-- Quadrulini

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 43 5 2 39 
  +-------- Chamberlainiini
--+                        
  |  +----- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
     +--+                  
        +-- Sinosolenaia **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 6 4 3 65 5 2 38 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
--+                           
  |  +-------- Inversidens **    
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
        +--+                  
           +-- Obovalis **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 6 0 3 33 3 1 40 
  +-- Lamprotula    
  |                 
  +-- Potomida      
  |                 
  +-- Pronodularia  
--+                 
  +-- Gonidea **       
  |                 
  +-- Leguminaia **    
  |                 
  +-- Microcondylaea **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 7 0 3 46 20 3 42 
  +-- Gibbosula    
  |                
  +-- Margaritifera
  |                
  +-- Sinosolenaia ** 
  |                
--+-- Leguminaia **   
  |                
  +-- Gonidea **      
  |                
  +-- Lamprotula   
  |                
  +-- Potomida

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 35 6 2 39 
  +-------- Chamberlainiini
--+                        
  |  +----- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
     +--+                  
        +-- Sinosolenaia **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 37 4 2 41 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini      
--+                                 
  |  +-------- Lamprotulini         
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Ptychorhynchus **       
        +--+                        
           +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 28 5 2 39 
  +-------- Chamberlainiini
--+                        
  |  +----- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
     +--+                  
        +-- Sinosolenaia **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 31 31 4 39 
  +-------------- Rectidentini   
  |                              
--+  +----------- Pseudodontini  
  |  |                           
  +--+        +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  +-----+                  
     |  |     +-- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Leguminaia **     
           +--+                  
              +-- Gonidea **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 73 28 4 39 
  +----- Sinosolenaia **
--+                  
  |  +-- Leguminaia **  
  +--+               
     +-- Gonidea **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 6 4 3 65 5 2 38 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
--+                           
  |  +-------- Inversidens **    
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Obovalis **       
        +--+                  
           +-- Ptychorhynchus **

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 28 3 2 39 
  +-------- Lamprotulini   
--+                        
  |  +----- Chamberlainiini
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
     +--+                  
        +-- Sinosolenaia **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 39 7 3 39 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
--+                           
  |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
        +--+                  
           +-- Sinosolenaia **

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 10 1 1 41 
  +-------- Lamprotulini         
--+                              
  |  +----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
     +--+                        
        +-- Parvasolenaia **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 56 56 5 39 
              +-- Chamberlainiini
  +-----------+                  
  |           +-- Rectidentini   
--+                              
  |  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                           
  +--+        +-- Schepmaniini   
     |  +-----+                  
     |  |     +-- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Gonidea **        
           +--+                  
              +-- Leguminaia **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 22 3 1 39 
  +-- Lamprotulini
--+               
  +-- Leguminaia **

Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 13 4 2 39 
  +-------- Chamberlainiini
--+                        
  |  +----- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
     +--+                  
        +-- Sinosolenaia **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4423], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 47 47 3 39 
           +-- Schepmaniini 
  +--------+                
  |        +-- Pseudodontini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lamprotulini 
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Sinosolenaia ** 
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Gonidea **      
        +--+                
           +-- Leguminaia **

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 3 2 28 3 2 40 
  +-- Parvasolenaia **
--+                
  +-- Sinosolenaia **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 28 5 2 39 
  +-------- Chamberlainiini
--+                        
  |  +----- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus ** 
     +--+                  
        +-- Sinosolenaia **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 20 4 2 39 
  +-------- Chamberlainiini
--+                        
  |  +----- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Parvasolenaia **  
     +--+                  
        +-- Sinosolenaia **

Kongim et al., 2023 [Publ 4290], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 12 12 3 39 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                              
  |  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Sinosolenaia **   
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Leguminaia **     
           +--+                  
              +-- Gonidea **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 21 10 4 -- 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                              
  |  +----------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
           +--+                  
              +-- Sinosolenaia **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 80 66 3 -- 
  +----------- Pseudodontini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Rectidentini 
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lamprotulini 
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Gonidea **      
        +--+                
           +-- Leguminaia **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 29 25 5 -- 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                              
--+  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                           
  +--+  +-------- Rectidentini   
     |  |                        
     +--+     +-- Gonidea **        
        |  +--+                  
        |  |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Schepmaniini   
           +--+                  
              +-- Pseudodontini

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 18 0 2 32 2 2 53 
  +----------------------------------------- Sinosolenaia **        
  |                                                              
--+  +-------------------------------------- Lamprotulini        
  |  |                                                           
  +--+  +----------------------------------- Chamberlainiini     
     |  |                                                        
     +--+  +-------------------------------- Ptychorhynchus **      
        |  |                                                     
        +--+  +----------------------------- Megalonaias         
           |  |                                                  
           |  |                       +----- Elliptoideus        
           +--+  +--------------------+                          
              |  |                    |  +-- Uniomerus           
              |  |                    +--+                       
              +--+                       +-- Pleurobema          
                 |                                               
                 |  +----------------------- Amblema             
                 |  |                                            
                 +--+                    +-- Obliquaria          
                    |  +-----------------+                       
                    |  |                 +-- Plectomerus         
                    +--+                                         
                       |  +----------------- Medionidus          
                       +--+                                      
                          |  +-------------- Potamilus_fragilis  
                          +--+                                   
                             |  +----------- Ptychobranchus      
                             +--+                                
                                |  +-------- Potamilus_purpuratus
                                +--+                             
                                   |  +----- Lampsilis           
                                   +--+                          
                                      |  +-- Villosa             
                                      +--+                       
                                         +-- Ellipsaria

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 4 0 2 19 2 2 42 
  +-------- Obovalis **       
--+                        
  |  +----- Inversidens **    
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                  
        +-- Chamberlainiini

Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 4 0 2 10 2 2 42 
  +-------- Obovalis **       
--+                        
  |  +----- Inversidens **    
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Chamberlainiini
     +--+                  
        +-- Lamprotulini

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 18 4 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                  
     +-- Sinosolenaia **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 28 6 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 11 0 2 13 1 1 49.5 
  +-------------- Pseudodontini
--+                            
  |  +----------- Gonidea **      
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Inversidens **  
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Anodontini   
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Pleurobemini 
           +--+                
              +-- Lampsilini

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 14

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 4 2 1 -- 
  +----- Lamprotulini 
--+                   
  |  +-- Parvasolenaia **
  +--+                
     +-- Koreosolenaia **

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 12 0 0 -- 
1

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 43 32 6 -- 
  +-------------- Rectidentini  
  |                             
--+           +-- Schepmaniini  
  |  +--------+                 
  |  |        +-- Pseudodontini 
  +--+                          
     |  +-------- Caudiculatus  
     +--+                       
        |  +----- Lamprotulini  
        +--+                    
           |  +-- Gonidea **       
           +--+                 
              +-- Microcondylaea **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 23 3 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                  
     +-- Sinosolenaia **

Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 3 0 2 8 1 1 41 
  +----- Inversidens ** 
--+                  
  |  +-- Obovalis **    
  +--+               
     +-- Lamprotulini

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 12 3 1 -- 
  +----- Lamprotulini  
--+                    
  |  +-- Gonidea **       
  +--+                 
     +-- Microcondylaea **

Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3727], fig. 3_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 4 0 2 5 5 1 40 
  +----- Potomida      
  |                    
--+  +-- Pronodularia  
  |  |                 
  |  +-- Lamprotula    
  +--+                 
     +-- Leguminaia **    
     |                 
     +-- Microcondylaea **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 40 6 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 10 5 2 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 30 5 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 17 6 3 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
--+                           
  |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
        +--+                  
           +-- Sinosolenaia **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 17 6 3 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
--+                           
  |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Microcondylaea ** 
        +--+                  
           +-- Sinosolenaia **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 20 4 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 18 0 2 32 2 2 53 
  +-------------- Ptychorhynchus **      
  |                                   
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini     
  |                                   
  +-------------- Lamprotulini        
  |                                   
--+-------------- Sinosolenaia **        
  |                                   
  |  +----------- Megalonaias         
  |  |                                
  |  |     +----- Elliptoideus        
  |  |  +--+                          
  +--+  |  |  +-- Uniomerus           
     |  |  +--+                       
     |  |     +-- Pleurobema          
     |  |                             
     |  |  +----- Potamilus_fragilis  
     +--+  |                          
        |  +----- Medionidus          
        |  |                          
        |  +----- Amblema             
        |  |                          
        |  |  +-- Obliquaria          
        +--+--+                       
           |  +-- Plectomerus         
           |                          
           |  +-- Villosa             
           |  |                       
           |  +-- Ellipsaria          
           |  |                       
           +--+-- Lampsilis           
              |                       
              +-- Potamilus_purpuratus
              |                       
              +-- Ptychobranchus

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 19 4 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 11 0 2 13 1 1 49.5 
  +-------------- Pseudodontini
--+                            
  |  +----------- Gonidea **      
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Inversidens **  
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Anodontini   
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Pleurobemini 
           +--+                
              +-- Lampsilini

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 23 3 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                  
     +-- Sinosolenaia **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 29 5 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Konopleva et al., 2021 [Publ 4213], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 26 0 2 24 24 2 59 
  +-- Lamprotula   
  |                
  +-- Leguminaia **   
  |                
--+-- Potomida     
  |                
  +-- Gonidea **      
  |                
  +-- Pseudodontini

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 104 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 1 1 -- 
  +-- Gonidea **      
--+                
  +-- Pseudodontini

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
-- Microcondylaea **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 5 3 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotulini
--+               
  +-- Sinosolenaia **

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 2 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotulini
--+               
  +-- Sinosolenaia **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotulini
--+               
  +-- Sinosolenaia **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotulini  
--+                 
  +-- Microcondylaea **

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 3 2 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 5 3 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 1 1 -- 
-- Microcondylaea_bonellii **

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Microcondylaea_bonellii **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotulini
--+               
  +-- Sinosolenaia **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 4 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 3 2 -- 
  +-- Gonidea **      
--+                
  +-- Pseudodontini

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 101 3 2 -- 
  +-- Gonidea **     
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 4 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 1 1 -- 
  +-- Microcondylaea **
--+                 
  +-- Lamprotulini

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 24 1 1 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 30 4 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
--+                           
  |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Gonidea **        
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Rectidentini

Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Microcondylaea_bonellii **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotulini
--+               
  +-- Sinosolenaia **

Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 26 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 4 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 2 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 13 3 -- 
  +-------- Rectidentini 
--+                      
  |  +----- Pseudodontini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Gonidea **      
     +--+                
        +-- Lamprotulini

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 3 2 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 16 4 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
--+                           
  |  +-------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Gonidea **        
        +--+                  
           +-- Lamprotulini

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 10 4 -- 
  +-------- Chamberlainiini
  |                        
--+     +-- Gonidea **        
  |  +--+                  
  |  |  +-- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Rectidentini   
     +--+                  
        +-- Lamprotulini

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 3 2 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 1 1 -- 
  +-- Gonidea **      
--+                
  +-- Pseudodontini

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 2 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotulini  
--+                 
  +-- Microcondylaea **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 101 3 2 -- 
  +-- Gonidea **     
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 4 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 3 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Sinosolenaia **   
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 3 2 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 1 1 -- 
  +-- Lamprotulini
--+               
  +-- Sinosolenaia **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 2 2 -- 
  +-- Gonidea **      
--+                
  +-- Pseudodontini

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 56 16 4 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
--+                           
  |  +-------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Gonidea **        
        +--+                  
           +-- Pseudodontini

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 3 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 1 1 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia **
--+               
  +-- Lamprotulini

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Gonidea_angulata **